Back office ops · Production

Snorkel AI builds expert-verified benchmark dataset for evaluating AI agents in insurance underwriting

The problem

Enterprise AI agents applied to specialized domains like insurance underwriting are often inaccurate and inefficient because AI R&D has focused on easily verifiable settings with plentiful data, leaving specialized domains without quality benchmarks or expert-validated evaluation.

First attempt

Frontier AI models demonstrated significant failure modes on the insurance underwriting benchmark: tool call errors occurred in 36% of conversations even for top-performing models, and OpenAI models hallucinated insurance products not present in the provided guidelines in 15-45% of product recommendation conversations.

Workflow diagram · grounded in source
1
Underwriter submits applicant info
trigger
“a junior underwriter has information about an applicant that is occasionally incomplete, with tasks that they need help with from our AI copilot”
2
AI copilot probes underwriter
ai_action
“We gave underwriters limited information about the applicants, challenging the AI assistant to ask the right questions to solve the task”
3
Database and guideline access
ai_action
“the AI copilot, in turn, has access to resources that include databases and underwriting guidelines in long-form documents”
4
Chained SQL queries for qualification
ai_action
“they had to enter a chain of SQL queries to determine the correct criteria and thresholds, interacting with underwriters to obtain the information they needed in the process”
5
Task solution delivery
output
“what, if any, other types of insurance the underwriter should offer the applicant based on their characteristics, whether the applicant qualifies as a "small business"”
6
Evaluation against benchmark criteria
validation
“we developed several scalable measures, including task solution correctness, task solution conciseness, tool use correctness, and tool use efficiency”
Reported outcome

The benchmark revealed a wide range of model accuracies from single digits to approximately 80%, with actionable granular insights into error modes including tool use failures and domain-knowledge hallucinations, enabling targeted model development.

Reported metrics
Top model task accuracy~80%
Tool call error rate across all conversations36%
Tool call error rate for top 3 accurate models30-50%
OpenAI model hallucination rate on product recommendations15-45%
Show all 10 reported metrics
top model task accuracy~80%
tool call error rate across all conversations36%
tool call error rate for top 3 accurate models30-50%
OpenAI model hallucination rate on product recommendations15-45%
task accuracy for model taking average 7 turnsabout 55%
deductibles task accuracy0.784
business classification task accuracy0.772
policy limits task accuracy0.762
appetite check task accuracy0.615
product recommendations task accuracy0.377
Reported stack
LangGraphModel Context Protocol (MCP)ReActSQLo4-mini
Source
https://snorkel.ai/blog/building-the-benchmark-inside-our-agentic-insurance-underwriting-dataset/
Read source ↗

Frequently asked questions

What did this team achieve with this AI workflow?

The benchmark revealed a wide range of model accuracies from single digits to approximately 80%, with actionable granular insights into error modes including tool use failures and domain-knowledge hallucinations, enab…

What tools did this team use?

LangGraph, Model Context Protocol (MCP), ReAct, SQL, o4-mini.

What results were reported?

Top model task accuracy: ~80%; Tool call error rate across all conversations: 36%; Tool call error rate for top 3 accurate models: 30-50%; OpenAI model hallucination rate on product recommendations: 15-45% (source-reported, not independently verified).

What failed first in this deployment?

Frontier AI models demonstrated significant failure modes on the insurance underwriting benchmark: tool call errors occurred in 36% of conversations even for top-performing models, and OpenAI models hallucinated insur…

How is this back office ops AI workflow structured?

Underwriter submits applicant info → AI copilot probes underwriter → Database and guideline access → Chained SQL queries for qualification → Task solution delivery → Evaluation against benchmark criteria.